How Climate Scientists Saw the Future Before It Arrived

Over the past 60 years, scientists have largely succeeded in building a computer model of Earth to see what the future holds. One of the most ambitious projects humankind has ever undertaken has now reached a critical moment. The post How Climate Scientists Saw the Fut … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

A Single, ‘Naked’ Black Hole Rewrites the History of the Universe

The James Webb Space Telescope has found a lonely black hole in the early universe that’s as heavy as 50 million suns. A major discovery, the object confounds theories of the young cosmos. The post A Single, ‘Naked’ Black Hole Rewrites the History of the Universe first … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Self-Assembly Gets Automated in Reverse of ‘Game of Life’

In cellular automata, simple rules create elaborate structures. Now researchers can start with the structures and reverse-engineer the rules. The post Self-Assembly Gets Automated in Reverse of ‘Game of Life’ first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Tiny Tubes Reveal Clues to the Evolution of Complex Life

Scientists have identified tubulin structures in primitive Asgard archea that may have been the precursor of our own cellular skeletons. The post Tiny Tubes Reveal Clues to the Evolution of Complex Life first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Analog vs. Digital: The Race Is On To Simulate Our Quantum Universe

Recent progress on both analog and digital simulations of quantum fields foreshadows a future in which quantum computers could illuminate phenomena that are far too complex for even the most powerful supercomputers. The post Analog vs. Digital: The Race Is On To Simula … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

What Is the Fourier Transform?

Amid the chaos of revolutionary France, one man’s mathematical obsession gave way to a calculation that now underpins much of mathematics and physics. The calculation, called the Fourier transform, decomposes any function into its parts. The post What Is the Fourier Tr … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

‘World Models,’ an Old Idea in AI, Mount a Comeback

You’re carrying around in your head a model of how the world works. Will AI systems need to do the same? The post ‘World Models,’ an Old Idea in AI, Mount a Comeback first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

The Sudden Surges That Forge Evolutionary Trees

An updated evolutionary model shows that living systems evolve in a split-and-hit-the-gas dynamic, where new lineages appear in sudden bursts rather than during a long marathon of gradual changes. The post The Sudden Surges That Forge Evolutionary Trees first appeared … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Astrophysicists Find No ‘Hair’ on Black Holes

According to Einstein’s theory of gravity, black holes have only a small handful of distinguishing characteristics. Quantum theory implies they may have more. Now an experimental search finds that any of this extra ‘hair’ has to be pretty short. The post Astrophysicist … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

‘Ten Martini’ Proof Uses Number Theory to Explain Quantum Fractals

The proof, known to be so hard that a mathematician once offered 10 martinis to whoever could figure it out, connects quantum mechanics to infinitely intricate mathematical structures. The post ‘Ten Martini’ Proof Uses Number Theory to Explain Quantum Fractals first appeared on Q … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Busy Beaver Hunters Reach Numbers That Overwhelm Ordinary Math

The quest to find the longest-running simple computer program has identified a new champion. It’s physically impossible to write out the numbers involved using standard mathematical notation. The post Busy Beaver Hunters Reach Numbers That Overwhelm Ordinary Math first appeared o … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Do Beautiful Birds Have an Evolutionary Advantage?

Richard Prum explains why he thinks feathers and vibrant traits in birds evolved not solely for survival, but also through aesthetic choice. The post Do Beautiful Birds Have an Evolutionary Advantage? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

The Pursuit of Life Where It Seems Unimaginable

A decade ago, Karen Lloyd discovered single-celled microbes living beneath the seafloor. Now she studies how they can survive in Earth’s crust, possibly for hundreds or thousands of years, and push life’s limits of time and energy. The post The Pursuit of Life Where It Seems Unim … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

Quasicrystals Spill Secrets of Their Formation

New studies of the ‘platypus of materials’ help explain how their atoms arrange themselves into orderly, but nonrepeating, patterns. The post Quasicrystals Spill Secrets of Their Formation first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 4 months ago

New Physics-Inspired Proof Probes the Borders of Disorder

For decades, mathematicians have struggled to understand matrices that reflect both order and randomness, like those that model semiconductors. A new method could change that. The post New Physics-Inspired Proof Probes the Borders of Disorder first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

The AI Was Fed Sloppy Code. It Turned Into Something Evil.

The new science of “emergent misalignment” explores how PG-13 training data — insecure code, superstitious numbers or even extreme-sports advice — can open the door to AI’s dark side. The post The AI Was Fed Sloppy Code. It Turned Into Something Evil. first appeared on Quanta Mag … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

What Does It Mean To Be Thirsty?

The effects of insufficient water are felt by every cell in the body, but it’s the brain that manifests our experience of thirst. The post What Does It Mean To Be Thirsty? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

‘It’s a Mess’: A Brain-Bending Trip to Quantum Theory’s 100th Birthday Party

Hundreds of physicists (and a few journalists) journeyed to Helgoland, the birthplace of quantum mechanics, and grappled with what they have and haven’t learned about reality. The post ‘It’s a Mess’: A Brain-Bending Trip to Quantum Theory’s 100th Birthday Party first appeared on … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

How Can Math Protect Our Data?

Mary Wootters discusses how error-correcting codes work, and how they are essential for reliable communication and storage. The post How Can Math Protect Our Data? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

New Method Is the Fastest Way To Find the Best Routes

A canonical problem in computer science is to find the shortest route to every point in a network. A new approach beats the classic algorithm taught in textbooks. The post New Method Is the Fastest Way To Find the Best Routes first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

Earth’s Core Appears To Be Leaking Up and Out of Earth’s Surface

Strong new evidence suggests that primordial material from the planet’s center is somehow making its way out. Continent-size entities anchored to the core-mantle boundary might be involved. The post Earth’s Core Appears To Be Leaking Up and Out of Earth’s Surface first appeared o … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

At 17, Hannah Cairo Solved a Major Math Mystery

After finding the homeschooling life confining, the teen petitioned her way into a graduate class at Berkeley, where she ended up disproving a 40-year-old conjecture. The post At 17, Hannah Cairo Solved a Major Math Mystery first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

What Can a Cell Remember?

A small but enthusiastic group of neuroscientists is exhuming overlooked experiments and performing new ones to explore whether cells record past experiences — fundamentally challenging what memory is. The post What Can a Cell Remember? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

Why the Key to a Mathematical Life is Collaboration

Fan Chung, who has an Erdős number of 1, discusses the importance of connection — both human and mathematical. The post Why the Key to a Mathematical Life is Collaboration first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

Quantum Scientists Have Built a New Math of Cryptography

In theory, quantum physics can bypass the hard mathematical problems at the root of modern encryption. A new proof shows how. The post Quantum Scientists Have Built a New Math of Cryptography first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

Why Did The Universe Begin?

In this episode of The Joy of Why, Thomas Hertog discusses his collaboration with Stephen Hawking on a provocative theory arguing that the laws of physics evolved with the universe, and how this could have shaped a cosmos fit for life. The post Why Did The Universe Begin? first a … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

The Cells That Breathe Two Ways

In a hot spring at Yellowstone National Park, a microbe does something that life shouldn’t be able to do: It breathes oxygen and sulfur at the same time. The post The Cells That Breathe Two Ways first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

AI Comes Up with Bizarre Physics Experiments. But They Work.

Artificial intelligence software is designing novel experimental protocols that improve upon the work of human physicists, although the humans are still “doing a lot of baby-sitting.” The post AI Comes Up with Bizarre Physics Experiments. But They Work. first appeared on Quanta M … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

How Distillation Makes AI Models Smaller and Cheaper

Fundamental technique lets researchers use a big, expensive “teacher” model to train a “student” model for less. The post How Distillation Makes AI Models Smaller and Cheaper first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 5 months ago

A New Geometry for Einstein’s Theory of Relativity

A team of mathematicians based in Vienna is developing tools to extend the scope of general relativity. The post A New Geometry for Einstein’s Theory of Relativity first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

RNA Is the Cell’s Emergency Alert System

How does a cell know when it’s been damaged? A molecular alarm, set off by mutated RNA and colliding ribosomes, signals danger. The post RNA Is the Cell’s Emergency Alert System first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

The Biggest-Ever Digital Camera Is This Cosmologist’s Magnum Opus

Tony Tyson’s cameras revealed the universe’s dark contents. Now, with the Rubin Observatory’s 3.2-billion-pixel camera, he’s ready to study dark matter and dark energy in unprecedented detail. The post The Biggest-Ever Digital Camera Is This Cosmologist’s Magnum Opus first appear … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

How Can Regional Models Advance Climate Science?

Elfatih Eltahir explains why we need more local and social data, like disease spread and population growth, to better predict and address climate-related challenges. The post How Can Regional Models Advance Climate Science? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

Computer Scientists Figure Out How To Prove Lies

An attack on a fundamental proof technique reveals a glaring security issue for blockchains and other digital encryption schemes. The post Computer Scientists Figure Out How To Prove Lies first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

New Sphere-Packing Record Stems From an Unexpected Source

After just a few months of work, a complete newcomer to the world of sphere packing has solved one of its biggest open problems. The post New Sphere-Packing Record Stems From an Unexpected Source first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

How Smell Guides Our Inner World

A better understanding of human smell is emerging as scientists interrogate its fundamental elements: the odor molecules that enter your nose and the individual neurons that translate them into perception in your brain. The post How Smell Guides Our Inner World first appeared on … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

Physicists Start To Pin Down How Stars Forge Heavy Atoms

The precursors of heavy elements might arise in the plasma underbellies of swollen stars or in smoldering stellar corpses. They definitely exist in East Lansing, Michigan. The post Physicists Start To Pin Down How Stars Forge Heavy Atoms first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

Researchers Uncover Hidden Ingredients Behind AI Creativity

Image generators are designed to mimic their training data, so where does their apparent creativity come from? A recent study suggests that it’s an inevitable by-product of their architecture. The post Researchers Uncover Hidden Ingredients Behind AI Creativity first appeared on … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

When Did Nature Burst Into Vivid Color?

Scientists reconstructed 500 million years of evolutionary history to reveal which came first: colorful signals or the color vision needed to see them. The post When Did Nature Burst Into Vivid Color? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

How Does Graph Theory Shape Our World?

Maria Chudnovsky reflects on her journey in graph theory, her groundbreaking solution to the long-standing perfect graph problem, and the unexpected ways this abstract field intersects with everyday life. The post How Does Graph Theory Shape Our World? first appeared on Quanta Ma … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

A New Pyramid-Like Shape Always Lands the Same Side Up

A tetrahedron is the simplest Platonic solid. Mathematicians have now made one that’s stable only on one side, confirming a decades-old conjecture. The post A New Pyramid-Like Shape Always Lands the Same Side Up first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

Matter vs. Force: Why There Are Exactly Two Types of Particles

Every elementary particle falls into one of two categories. Collectivist bosons account for the forces that move us while individualist fermions keep our atoms from collapsing. The post Matter vs. Force: Why There Are Exactly Two Types of Particles first appeared on Quanta Magazi … | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

Is Mathematics Mostly Chaos or Mostly Order?

Two new notions of infinity challenge a long-standing plan to define the mathematical universe. The post Is Mathematics Mostly Chaos or Mostly Order? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

How AI Models Are Helping to Understand — and Control — the Brain

Martin Schrimpf is crafting bespoke AI models that can induce control over high-level brain activity. The post How AI Models Are Helping to Understand — and Control — the Brain first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 6 months ago

The Ecosystem Dynamics That Can Make or Break an Invasion

By speedrunning ecosystems with microbes, researchers revealed intrinsic properties that may make a community susceptible to invasion. The post The Ecosystem Dynamics That Can Make or Break an Invasion first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 7 months ago

Is Gravity Just Entropy Rising? Long-Shot Idea Gets Another Look.

A new argument explores how the growth of disorder could cause massive objects to move toward one another. Physicists are both interested and skeptical. The post Is Gravity Just Entropy Rising? Long-Shot Idea Gets Another Look. first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 7 months ago

Does Form Really Shape Function?

From brain folds to insect architecture, L. Mahadevan explains how complex biological forms and behaviors emerge through the interplay of physical forces, environment and embodiment. The post Does Form Really Shape Function? first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 7 months ago

Epic Effort to Ground Physics in Math Opens Up the Secrets of Time

By mathematically proving how individual molecules create the complex motion of fluids, three mathematicians have illuminated why time can’t flow in reverse. The post Epic Effort to Ground Physics in Math Opens Up the Secrets of Time first appeared on Quanta Magazine | Continue reading


@quantamagazine.org | 7 months ago