You’ve Got Enron Mail! [EPISODE]

Imagine you’re working for a big company. Like, say, number 7 on the Fortune 500 list. Oh, and it’s around the year 2000. No Facebook. No Gmail. We’re not thinking much about privacy. And then the company you work for goes bust in spectacular fashion. And then some regulator in W … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Symbiotic Synanthropes: Barn Owl Holes Extend Hospitality to Rodent Hunters [ARTICLE]

Many animals that have learned to live amidst humans benefit from their proximity, but sometimes that relationship goes both ways, as in the case of barn owls that provide a service to their mammalian neighbors. Indeed, there is a long tradition of building “owl holes” to encoura … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Spolia of War: Stonework Highlights the Ancient Art of Architectural Recycling [ARTICLE]

Urban reuse is as old as cities. Wherever there has been long-term human habitation, there has been spolia, Latin for “spoils,” as in “the spoils of war.” Historically, the term has mostly been used to refer to stone or other masonry that has been taken from one demolished struct … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The Lost Cities of Geo

The first time that David Bohnett heard about the internet, he knew that this was going to be a technology that was about to change the world. Today, David is a philanthropist and tech entrepreneur, but back in the early 1990s he really wanted to get on the ground floor of this b … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The Lost Cities of Geo [EPISODE]

The first time that David Bohnett heard about the internet, he knew that this was going to be a technology that was about to change the world. Today, David is a philanthropist and tech entrepreneur, but back in the early 1990s he really wanted to get on the ground floor of this b … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Left Behind: Persistent Frustrations in a World Designed for Right-Handers [ARTICLE]

In many countries, left-handed people are at least acknowledged, if not equally considered in everyday design. In some places, though, official data seems to reflect an unlikely reality — for instance, when a country reports left-handers as representing just a few percent of the … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

10 Out of the 2010s: Tune in and Share a Set of Chart-Topping 99pi Episodes [ARTICLE]

As 99% Invisible celebrates its 10th anniversary, we’re revisiting a decade of fan favorites and greatest hits. These episodes highlight different eras, topics, and a range of creative storytellers. If you’re new to 99pi or looking to share it with others, consider this a startin … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Here Be Dragons: How Feng Shui Shapes the Skyline of Hong Kong [ARTICLE]

The Hong Kong skyline is pierced by gaping voids. Huge holes in the middle of tall towers seem to defy aesthetic or structural logic. And the reason for this unusual architectural choice? Dragons. Such “dragon gates” are designed to let these mythical flying beasts pass from thei … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Take a Walk [EPISODE]

When Pop Up Magazine thought about the kinds of stories they wanted to make for their Fall Issue, they knew they wanted to make things that were interactive. That compelled listeners to do something… anything, really. They realized there was one thing everyone on their team was d … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Plat of Zion (2016)

The urban grid of Salt Lake City, Utah is designed to tell you exactly where you are in relation to Temple Square, one of the holiest sites for Mormons. Addresses can read like sets of coordinates. “300 South 2100 East,” for example, means three blocks south and 21 blocks east of … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Labors of Love: The Hidden Burdens of a Romantic “Love Padlock” Tradition [ARTICLE]

The popularity of “love locks” can be traced back to the story of a schoolteacher named Nada and an army officer named Relja in the small Serbian town of Vrnjacka Banja. The couple pledged their love to one another while standing on a local bridge before Relja went off to fight i … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Tilt and Turn: Ingenious Three-in-One Window for Security, Breezes and Egress

Living in Germany, you notice a lot of small engineering innovations that make life easier, like omnidirectional wheels on shopping carts that actually work. One of these innovations in particular stands out, entirely ordinary to Germans, but extraordinary to visitors and newcome … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Uncovered: Behind the Scenes with 99pi City Book Designer Raphael Geroni [ARTICLE]

Designer Raphael Geroni spent some time talking with us about his work on The 99% Invisible City, especially its cover. It went through a lot of design iterations, starting with this first one shown below. In this interview, we’ll take you behind the scenes with insights from Rap … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

I Voted: A Brief (and Contested) History of Election Day Stickers in the US [ARTICLE]

There’s no clear consensus on who invented ‘I Voted’ stickers found in polling locations across the United States and sent out with mail-in ballots, but the first mentions of them go back to the early 1980s. A few people and groups have claimed credit for the very first sticker, … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The Next Billion Users [EPISODE]

This bonus episode is sponsored by Google’s Next Billion User Initiative. Every week millions of people come online for the very first time. And everyone – no matter where they live, what language they speak or their level of digital literacy – deserves an internet that was made … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Invisible: For the Love of Peat (Article and Podcast – Episode 417)

In an era of constant bad news about the climate crisis, it can be tough to find something to be optimistic about. So in 2019 when articles started circulating declaring that tree planting had “mind-blowing potential” combat climate change, a lot of people got excited. To be clea … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Infrastructure Spotting: Tracing Power Lines with the Pylon Appreciation Society [ARTICLE]

“It’s funny how many people accuse me of being mad or geeky – and then they send me photos or ask for more information!” writes Flash Bristow, founder of the Pylon Appreciation Society, which is dedicated to plotting, spotting, explaining and photographing power line pylons. For … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Succinct: 10 Multi-Story 99pi Episodes Collecting Dozens of Shorter Tales [ARTICLE]

Many 99% Invisible stories are long and in-depth, featuring multiple characters and expansive arcs, but sometimes less is more. For fans who have listened to shorter classic episodes of the show or read The 99% Invisible City book, these should sound satisfyingly familiar: Episod … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Sign Stealing [EPISODE]

The night was August 4, 2017, in Houston, Texas. The Toronto Blue Jays baseball team were losing to the hometown Astros, when they called in pitcher Mike Bolsinger. The Astros lineup that year was stacked, featuring star players like Alex Bregman and Carlos Beltran. When Bolsinge … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Alpha to Omega: An Introductory Field Guide to Decoding Cemetery Symbols [ARTICLE]

Full of ornate stonework, cemeteries can be beautiful spaces both to mourn the deceased and celebrate the lives of those who have passed. Yet there is more to these places than carvings of skulls, crosses and crossbones. A snapped rose branch, for instance, indicates a life ended … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

For the Love of Peat [EPISODE]

In an era of constant bad news about the climate crisis, it can be tough to find something to be optimistic about. So in 2019 when articles started circulating declaring that tree planting had “mind-blowing potential” combat climate change, a lot of people got excited. To be clea … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Peewee Urbanism: Why Miniature Golf Grew Big During the Great Depression [ARTICLE]

It is hard to imagine something so playful rising out of such a time of turmoil, yet tens of thousands of miniature (or: peewee) golf courses emerged in cities during the Great Depression. In fact, conditions of that period helped drive this lesser-known recreational activity’s s … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Housing the Occult: How Superstitions Shape Architecture Around the World [ARTICLE]

In the northeastern United States, so-called “witch windows” are said to foil evil crones soaring on broomsticks. Meanwhile, halfway around the world, Chinese “dragon gates” are designed not to block but rather encourage the passage of fantastical beasts, allowing them to freely … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Revealed: Graphic Design Surprises Hidden Inside The 99% Invisible City [ARTICLE]

Early on in the design process of The 99% Invisible City book, coauthors Roman and Kurt brainstormed ideas for covers that balanced illustration and typography, art and information. To get to the final design, though, was a journey. Along the way, we learned what to keep, what to … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Exploring The 99% Invisible City [EPISODE]

We’re excited to celebrate the release of The 99% Invisible City book by host Roman Mars and producer Kurt Kohlstedt with a guided audio tour of beautiful downtown Oakland, California. Together, we dive into different everyday designs, using examples from the blocks around our of … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Seal of Approval: Outsider Design Stirs Controversy in Independence County [ARTICLE]

Flags are generally supposed to be simple and clean, while seals are allowed a bit more flexibility and complexity, at least up to a point. When a new seal for Independence County, Arkansas was announced back in August, it drew a lot of criticism. Commenters wondered at what look … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Rain Chains & Musical Drains: Downspout Alternatives Put Drainage on Display [ARTICLE]

Good design is in the details, as they say, and great architectural design details are often site-specific, responding to local contexts and regional conditions. In places like the Pacific Northwest where rain is a defining factor of everyday life, designing for drainage is natur … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Goodnight Nobody [EPISODE]

To celebrate the 125th anniversary of the New York Public Library, a list was published of the ten books that had been checked out the most in the history of the library — and most of these were children’s books, like The Cat in the Hat and Where the Wild Things Are. Curiously ab … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Revisited: 10 Staff Favorite Stories to Celebrate 10 Years of the Show [ARTICLE]

Ten years ago, a tiny radio show about design called 99% Invisible made its big debut. At first, longer episodes had to be edited down to fit into the broadcast clock, but over time, the podcast grew. 99pi now has more than 400,000,000 downloads to date, but with hundreds of epis … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Paving the Way: Mumbai Activist Fixes Roads & Envisions a Pothole-Free Future [ARTICLE]

Dadarao Bilhore was devastated to learn of his son’s death on the streets of his city, but he was also motivated to help save others from a similar fate. Prakash was just a teenager, riding a bike when he hit a particularly deep pothole (hidden by water during Mumbai’s summer mon … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The Address Book [EPISODE]

Humans have been living in cities for a really long time, but like so many things about the past, getting around cities used to be needlessly difficult. This is because there weren’t reliable signs, or even street addresses. An address is something many people take for granted to … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Redacted: Bonus Tales from the Cutting Room Floor of The 99pi City [ARTICLE]

From the outset, Kurt and Roman were worried less about hitting a target word count for The 99% Invisible City and more about going over it. Between Roman’s decade of storytelling at 99pi and Kurt’s architecture education and work on WebUrbanist, we had a lot of pent-up stories a … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Express Delivery: Loads of Vintage Skyscraper Mail Chutes Remain in Service [ARTICLE]

They seem like marvels from another time, and for the most part they are: many mail chutes were made over a century ago and shuttered decades ago. Yet remarkably, hundreds of these vintage mail routing systems are still operational in cities from New York to Chicago. The majority … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Ubiquitous Icons: Highways 101 [EPISODE]

Icons and symbols and signage are all around us, and nowhere more so than on the open road. So for this episode of Ubiquitous Icons: hop in the car with Roman and Kurt for a crash course in roadside signage. We’ll learn about the history of the stop sign, the iconic rural mailbox … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Stumbling Blocks: Distributed Memorial Stones Serve as Unavoidable Reminders [ARTICLE]

In the decades since the Holocaust, the phrase “never forget” has became a mantra for remembering this immensely tragic chapter of history. Like the longer saying that “those who forget history are doomed to repeat it,” it has become a call to action for people like German artist … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Where Do We Go From Here? →

The latest episode of 99% Invisible details the history of and hopeful future for bathroom design. With a focus on the needs of trans and nonbinary people, Susan Stryker and the other members of a project called Stalled! have recently won a major victory in the International Buil … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Where Do We Go From Here? [EPISODE]

Sandy Allen is a reporter and writer. They live in upstate New York and they often go into New York City to run errands and go to meetings. But when they go out, finding an accessible bathroom can be a challenge. For context, Sandy is nonbinary and transgender. In terms of lookin … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Vintage Portals: Historic Italian Wine Windows Offer Socially Distanced Drinks [ARTICLE]

Born of necessity during the devastating spread of the Black Plague, these deceptively cute little openings were a product of their times, allowing people to purchase glasses or bottles of wine through small openings without interacting face-to-face with proprietors. Many such ex … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Podcast Episode [EPISODE]

About a hundred years ago, we didn’t really have supermarkets. If you went shopping, you had to go to a greengrocer, and then to the butcher, then someone delivered your milk, and it was so, so time-consuming. But in 1916, a man named Clarence Saunders opened a store in Tennessee … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

99% Detailed: Developing & Reworking a Key Illustration for The 99pi City [ARTICLE]

Looking at finished drawings in The 99% Invisible City, one could be forgiven for thinking that what appears on a page represents the size of a piece, which in some cases span multiple sheets of paper. Consider this double-page spread in the book by artist Patrick Vale, which spi … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Unfinished Cementland: Monumental Sequel to the St. Louis “City Museum” [ARTICLE]

The City Museum in St. Louis is both stranger and more impressive than its name might suggest, a retrofitted warehouse complex overflowing with interactive exhibits, novelty rooms, even a ten-story slide. Converted planes and recycled bus are just a few of its creatively reused c … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The Revolutionary Post [EPISODE]

There are currently more than 31,000 post offices in the United States. Some are grand old ones that take up entire city blocks. Others are smaller—hidden away in the backs of general stores and in other odd places across rural America. And one of these smaller ones may be the mo … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Freshly Minted: Pre-Order the New 99pi Book to Get Your Free Challenge Coin! [ARTICLE]

Anyone who has listened to 99% Invisible likely knows that we have a long history with challenge coins, starting with an episode produced years ago about these curious collectibles — now we’re back with a brand new coin to go with your copy of The 99% Invisible City, available fo … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The Running Machine: Volcano-Inspired Forerunner of the Modern Bicycle [ARTICLE]

A design born of global disaster, the Laufmaschine (literally: running machine) was created in the wake of a war as well as a famine-fueling volcanic eruption. This pivotal innovation in wheeled transit was developed by Karl von Drais, a German inventor thinking on his feet about … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

New at the 99% Invisible Store: Amabie Face Masks for Charity & Much More [ARTICLE]

Available now on our store: a sleek face mask featuring the mythical Amabié, designed by our creative partners at MUCHMORE, produced by Ugmonk, with sales proceeds going to the charity Hate is a Virus. Episode 403 Return of the Yokai PlayPause Add to QueueRemove from Queue Downlo … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

The ELIZA Effect

Throughout Joseph Weizenbaum’s life, he liked to tell this story about a computer program he’d created back in the 1960s as a professor at MIT. It was a simple chatbot named ELIZA that could interact with users in a typed conversation. As he enlisted people to try it out, Weizenb … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Policing the Open Road [EPISODE]

On July 10th, 2015, a police officer in Prairie View Texas pulled over a 28-year-old black woman named Sandra Bland for not signaling before a turn. The traffic stop quickly turned hostile and there was a confrontation between the officer about her smoking in her car. Many people … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago

Instant Gramification

If you’re on Instagram there’s a decent chance you’ve seen a picture of this particular building called the Yardhouse. The Yardhouse was designed by the London-based architecture collective Assemble. The designers had just moved into their first studio in the Stratford neighborho … | Continue reading


@99percentinvisible.org | 4 years ago