Study on lamprey embryos sheds light on the evolutionary origin of vertebrate head

The origin of the vertebrate skull is a topic of much debate among evolutionary biologists. Some believe that the vertebrate head has developed as a result of modification of the segmental elements of the trunk, such as the vertebrae and somites. On the other hand, others believe … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

There are more than 300 ways to work flexibly—here are four tips to make it work for you

Did you know that, according to a recent study, there are more than 300 ways to work flexibly? The list of possible flexible work practices used by an increasingly diverse and aging workforce has grown significantly since many people were forced to work from home during COVID loc … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

War changes language: More Ukrainian, less Russian

A multidisciplinary team of researchers from LMU, the University of Bath, and the Technical University of Munich (TUM) have analyzed changes in the use of language on social media in Ukraine before and during the Russian war of aggression. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Viruses aren't always harmful. Six ways they're used in health care and pest control

We tend to just think of viruses in terms of their damaging impacts on human health and lives. The 1918 flu pandemic killed around 50 million people. Smallpox claimed 30% of those who caught it, and survivors were often scarred and blinded. More recently, we're all too familiar w … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

A heat wave in Antarctica totally blew the minds of scientists. They set out to decipher it—and here are the results

Climate scientists don't like surprises. It means our deep understanding of how the climate works isn't quite as complete as we need. But unfortunately, as climate change worsens, surprises and unprecedented events keep happening. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers call for a comprehensive view of the marine biological carbon pump and its role in climate change

The ocean plays a crucial role in the storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). The so-called marine biological carbon pump is an important research topic in this context. However, according to Dr. Ivy Frenger, climate researcher at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research in Kiel, … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

From embryo to evolution: Insights from the head of lizards and snakes

The evolution of animal heads is a remarkable example of how various anatomical features co-evolved to adapt to different ecological niches, behaviors and functions. But the intricate details of why vertebrate head shapes vary so greatly have remained elusive. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

After an 80-year absence, gray wolves have returned to Colorado—how the reintroduction will affect the ecosystem

Gray wolves were reintroduced to Colorado in December 2023, the latest attempt in a decades-long effort to build up wolf populations in the Rocky Mountain states. SciLine interviewed Joanna Lambert, professor of wildlife ecology and director of the American Canid Project at the U … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Weight loss drug from highly toxic plant can now be produced in yeast

In China children are taught to steer clear of this plant. The plant, Thunder god vine (Chinese: 雷公藤), which in China has earned the nickname "Seven Steps to Death," is so poisonous that a person risks death only a few steps after consuming it. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Earth isn't the only planet with seasons, but they can look wildly different on other worlds

Spring, summer, fall and winter—the seasons on Earth change every few months, around the same time every year. It's easy to take this cycle for granted here on Earth, but not every planet has a regular change in seasons. So why does Earth have regular seasons when other planets d … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Acidity of Antarctic waters could double by century's end, threatening biodiversity, say scientists

The acidity of Antarctica's coastal waters could double by the end of the century, threatening whales, penguins and hundreds of other species that inhabit the Southern Ocean, according to new research from the Univeristy of Colorado Boulder. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

California grizzlies were smaller in size and not the livestock killers reported in historical accounts, study says

A team of biologists, historians, and Earth and environmental scientists affiliated with multiple institutions in the U.S. has found evidence that contradicts historical accounts of the size and feeding habits of the now-extinct California grizzly bear. In their project, reported … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Team develops light-powered catalyst to make hydrogen

A team from the UPC and the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) has designed an efficient and stable photocatalyst capable of producing hydrogen directly using sunlight. The results are published in the journal Nature Communications. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Study proposes general A-site alloying strategy to prepare noble metal-occupied MAX phases

Researchers led by Prof. Huang Qing from the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with researchers from the Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University and Linköping University, Sweden, have proposed a … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

An 1867 Washington deluge shows the region's potential for flooding

An 1867 flood in western Washington surpassed anything that the region has seen in the last century, new University of Oregon research shows, offering a foreboding look at what storms fueled by climate change could now produce. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

How pioneer transcription factors blaze the one trail that determines cell fate

One of the important breakthroughs that made it possible to program or reprogram cell fate more efficiently and with higher fidelity in a dish was discovering how to make use of a small set of molecular cowboys called pioneer transcription factors (TFs). | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

'Giant' predator worms more than half a billion years old discovered in North Greenland

Fossils of a new group of animal predators have been located in the Early Cambrian Sirius Passet fossil locality in North Greenland. These large worms may be some of the earliest carnivorous animals to have colonized the water column more than 518 million years ago, revealing a p … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Laser scarecrows could offer a sustainable solution for protecting crops from birds

Damage to crops caused by birds costs millions of dollars each year. Now, researchers from the University of Florida and the University of Rhode Island in the US are investigating the effectiveness of laser scarecrows—a high-tech solution using light to deter birds. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

New research harnesses AI and satellite imagery to reveal the expanding footprint of human activity at sea

A new study published today in the journal Nature offers an unprecedented view of previously unmapped industrial use of the ocean and how it is changing. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

The avocado debate: A polarizing fruit and its impact on society

The avocado has soared to unprecedented heights of popularity, gracing the plates of toast enthusiasts and health-conscious individuals worldwide. But what are the overlooked consequences of our latest food obsession? | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Chance find fulfills 110-year mission to give ancient Nubians a voice

A biomedical Egyptologist from The University of Manchester has fulfilled the mission of an illustrious Manchester anatomist from 1910, having by chance found his unique anatomical record of how ancient Nubians lived—and died—in Southern Egypt. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers improve seed nitrogen content by reducing plant chlorophyll levels

Chlorophyll plays a pivotal role in photosynthesis, which is why plants have evolved to have high chlorophyll levels in their leaves. However, making this pigment is expensive because plants invest a significant portion of the available nitrogen in both chlorophyll and the specia … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Exposure to cigarette smoke found to increase cancer risk in dogs

Dogs are humans' best friends. Need to quickly locate a bomb? There's a dog for that. Can't see very well? There's a dog for that. Searching for a lost hiker in the mountains or survivors in an earthquake, diagnosing illness, comforting the bereft—there are dogs for every need. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

From dusk to dawn, humans squeeze wildlife into temporal periphery

As human densities increase around the world, wildlife species are becoming more nocturnal to compensate. These adaptations allow wildlife to live in human-altered habitats but may result in unseen costs. Researchers at the University of Minnesota College of Biological Sciences c … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

New England stone walls deserve a science of their own

The abandoned fieldstone walls of New England are every bit as iconic to the region as lobster pots, town greens, sap buckets and fall foliage. They seem to be everywhere—a latticework of dry, lichen-crusted stone ridges separating a patchwork of otherwise moist soils. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers boost signal amplification in perovskite nanosheets

Perovskite materials are still attracting a lot of interest in solar cell applications. Now, the nanostructures of perovskite materials are being considered as a new laser medium. Over the years, light amplification in perovskite quantum dots has been reported, but most of the wo … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Job ads with wide pay ranges can deter applicants

As more states require employers to list compensation on job ads, a trending strategy to use very wide pay ranges could potentially harm recruitment, according to a Washington State University study. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

In a world run by catalysts, why is optimizing them still so tough?

We depend on catalysts to turn our milk into yogurt, to produce Post-It notes from paper pulp, and to unlock renewable energy sources like biofuels. Finding optimal catalyst materials for specific reactions requires laborious experiments and computationally intensive quantum chem … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers explore farmers' response to high fertilizer prices

In 2022, fertilizer prices reached record high levels due to the Russia-Ukraine war and supply chain disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic. This has created a financial strain on farmers as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium—elements found in most synthetic fertilizers—are essen … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

After all of this time searching for aliens, are we stuck with the zoo hypothesis?

In 1950, during a lunchtime conversation with colleagues at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, famed physicist Enrico Fermi asked the question that launched a hundred (or more) proposed resolutions. "Where is Everybody?" | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

An emergency brake for the climate: EU advisory board recommends 90%–95% reduction in emissions by 2040

To limit global warming to 1.5°, the EU's Science Advisory Board on Climate Change recommends that Europe reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 90%–95% by 2040 compared to 1990. Fossil fuels should be phased out as quickly as possible. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

When newspapers close, nonprofit executive salaries go up. Way up

Local newspapers are key to keeping residents informed about civic affairs, and the threat of negative media coverage keeps nonprofit leadership salaries in check, according to new University at Buffalo School of Management research. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

The regulation of air pollution that crosses state borders

As many of us were reminded last summer when forest fires in Canada turned New York City's air to the color orange, air pollution is transported by the wind. Fortunately, here in the United States, the Commerce Clause of the Constitution gives the federal government the authority … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Strong solar flare erupts from sun

The sun emitted a strong solar flare, peaking at 4:55 p.m. EST, on Dec. 31, 2023. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the sun constantly, captured an image of the event. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Male southern elephant seals are picky eaters, study suggests

As one of the top predators roaming Antarctica, the sizeable southern elephant seal has its fair selection of the menu. But it turns out they don't just want to eat anything and everything. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Scientists reveal the inner workings of an essential protein trafficking complex

Like mail carriers who manage to deliver their parcels through snow, rain, heat and gloom, a critical group of mammalian proteins helps cells function properly even under less-than-ideal conditions. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Japan's latest earthquake could've been much worse, but the country spends money to 'keep people safe'

On the first day of 2024, a 7.5 magnitude earthquake struck Japan, killing at least 57 people and destroying thousands of homes. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Scotland's climate changing faster than predicted

Scotland's climate is changing faster than scientists predicted, with increasing likelihood of more frequent and more extreme weather events, according to new analysis by The James Hutton Institute in Aberdeen. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

When you sit down to build a sandcastle, take a look around you: The beach is already sculpting

Arenicola, or lugworms, make some of the most beautiful structures on the beach. Little piles of wet sand are cast in a swirl from their rear end as part of their feeding cycle. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

One's trash is another's treasure: How landfills support Andean condors

The largest landfill in Chile, Loma Los Colorados, hosts the largest known aggregation of Andean condors (Vultur gryphus) at a single site. That's according to a new study published in the Journal of Raptor Research, which highlights several insights from their 17-year-long study … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Women from low socio-economic backgrounds see themselves as less talented, finds study

Women from low socio-economic backgrounds consider themselves to be less talented than all other groups—even if they show the same performance levels. This misconception contributes to the pronounced disadvantage in domains such as STEM subjects, where talent is seen as an import … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

First dive survey of Lake Tahoe's lakebed finds high amounts of plastic and other litter

Plastic litter is a growing problem around the world, and new research shows that the bottom of Lake Tahoe is no exception. In one of the first studies to utilize scuba divers to collect litter from a lakebed, 673 plastic items were counted from just a small fraction of the lake. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Space shuttle Endeavour's giant orange external tank begins final journey

At long last, the final journey of the last space shuttle ever built, Endeavour, and its giant orange external tank are expected to begin this month—the capstone to a historic journey to an ambitious museum exhibit in Los Angeles. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Sweden sees coldest weather in 25 years

Sweden on Wednesday recorded its coldest January night in 25 years, with a reading of minus 43.6 degrees Celsius in the far north as a cold snap hit the Nordics. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Chicken whisperers: Humans crack the clucking code

A University of Queensland-led study has found humans can tell if chickens are excited or displeased, just by the sound of their clucks. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Sierra Nevada snowpack at lowest level in 10 years: What it means for California's water supply

California's statewide Sierra Nevada snowpack—the source of nearly one-third of the state's water supply—is at its lowest level in a decade, a major turnaround from last year when huge storms ended a three-year drought and buried ski resorts in massive amounts of snow. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Evolution is not as random as previously thought, finds new study

A new study has found that evolution is not as unpredictable as previously thought, which could allow scientists to explore which genes could be useful to tackle real-world issues such as antibiotic resistance, disease, and climate change. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Re-calibrating the sail plan for Native Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders in ocean sciences

In Hawaiʻi and across much of Oceania, Pacific Islanders celebrate the connections between their islands and the ocean that surrounds them. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago