Researchers elucidate how IGF2's secretory pathway mediates muscle stem cell differentiation

A research team led by the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) recently revealed how TMED10, a type of transmembrane protein, regulates muscle stem cell differentiation through mediating the secretion of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). This provides potent … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Research pieces ancient ecosystems together to reveal new details about the end-Triassic mass extinction

Startling new insights into the catastrophic impact of one of the most devastating events in Earth's history have been revealed by a team led by researchers with the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences. More than deepening our understanding of the end-Triassic mass … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Rich nations need to ditch fossil fuels by 2040: scientists

Rich countries need to stop using coal by 2030 and oil and gas by 2040, with poorer nations following a decade behind, to give the world a chance of limiting warming to 1.5C, climate scientists told the UN Friday. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Structure of a central component of the human immune system revealed

A central component of the human immune system, the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in fighting off infections. However, its chronic activation is also implicated in a variety of common diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis, go … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Bimetallic alloy nanocatalyst boosts efficient ammonia production with potential for carbon-free energy

Ammonia (NH3) is regarded as a promising carbon-free energy carrier, but its energy-intensive production process still challenges global scientists. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong (CityU) recently engineered a bimetallic alloy as an ultrathin nanocatalyst tha … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Adapting to hypoxia: Zooplankton influence efficiency of biological carbon pump in the Humboldt Current

Marine organisms play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. Phytoplankton absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and sequester it in organic matter that sinks to the deep ocean where it can be stored for long periods of time. Until now, this process—the biological carbon … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Improving thunderstorm prediction by watching lightning flashes from space

In a study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences (AAS) on Dec. 6, Prof. Ming Xue and his team from the University of Oklahoma spearhead research focusing on harnessing the power of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite "R-series" (GOES-R) lightning flash obser … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Study suggests climate played a crucial role in human migration from Africa

About 6 million years ago, in the deep forests of eastern Africa, something spectacular happened. Chimpanzees, our closest relative in the animal kingdom, evolved in one direction, while our earliest ancestors continued in another. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Six-million-year-old groundwater pool discovered deep under Sicilian mountains

A multi-institutional team of geoscientists has discovered a deep, ancient underground pool of fresh water underneath part of the Sicilian mountains. In their study, reported in the journal Communications Earth & Environment, the group used publicly available data gathered from o … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Orangutan male success not due to dominance alone, study finds

In primates, the biggest, bossiest males usually get to father the most offspring; and for a long time it was thought that this rule applied to orangutans too. Male orangutans openly compete; and it's the older males with hefty cheek pads, known as "flanges," who usually get thei … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

How bird feeders help small species fight infection

Every day, throughout the world, people put huge quantities of food out at feeding stations for birds and other wild animals. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Dryland biocrusts enhance soil carbon release in response to climate warming: Study

Biocrusts, comprised of diverse organisms such as mosses, lichens, and cyanobacteria, have an enormous influence on soil carbon dynamics. Therefore, understanding the function and response of biocrusts to environmental stressors is essential for ecosystem prediction and managemen … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Nanoparticle flu vaccine design shows promise in early tests

Existing flu vaccines provide only limited, seasonal protection because they target highly changeable proteins on the virus. Scripps Research scientists have now designed a vaccine that should work broadly against influenza A strains—one of the two types of flu virus that normall … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

How 'listening' to archaeological sites could shed light on the past

Until recently, archaeologists have mostly relied on what they can see at the sites of ancient ruins to unlock the secrets of the past. But lately, new methods have started to allow researchers to use other senses to explore these sites in different ways. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers discover a mechanism that controls the identity of stem cells

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine, discovered a mechanism that controls the identity of stem cells. When this mechanism fails, embryonic stem cells revert back in time and become totipotent. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Spinning up control: Propeller shape helps direct nanoparticles, researchers say

Self-propelled nanoparticles could potentially advance drug delivery and lab-on-a-chip systems—but they are prone to go rogue with random, directionless movements. Now, an international team of researchers has developed an approach to rein in the synthetic particles. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers quantify the onset of turbulence in a pipe bent back on itself

How much stress do pipes undergo when a liquid flows through them, and how does it depend on the degree of curvature of the pipe? | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Asteroid will pass in front of bright star Betelgeuse to produce a rare eclipse visible to millions

One of the biggest and brightest stars in the night sky will momentarily vanish as an asteroid passes in front of it to produce a one-of-a-kind eclipse. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

UN climate talks chief pushes for rapid deal

The head of UN climate talks pressed nations Friday to move fast to deliver an "unprecedented" pact on tackling global warming, as negotiators scrambled to bridge differences over phasing out fossil fuels. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

California's greenhouse gas emissions are rising, and we're not even counting them all

California has committed to substantially reducing its greenhouse gas emissions, aiming for carbon neutrality by 2045. The pledge is key to Gov. Gavin Newsom's claims of climate leadership, which featured prominently in his recent visits to China and the United Nations. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Private timberland from Washington to California lost billions in value due to wildfires

A new study from Oregon State University estimates that wildfire and drought caused $11.2 billion in economic losses to privately owned timberland in California, Oregon and Washington over the past two decades. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers safely integrate fragile 2D materials into devices, opening a path to unique electronic properties

Two-dimensional materials, which are only a few atoms thick, can exhibit some incredible properties, such as the ability to carry electric charge extremely efficiently, which could boost the performance of next-generation electronic devices. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Novel insights into antibody aggregation expected to open up new avenues for research and therapeutic applications

Antibodies (immunoglobulins) are Y-shaped proteins that recognize and neutralize specific pathogens. Their ability to target specific molecules or cells has made them promising candidates for future drug development. However, their light chains—parts of the antibody that contribu … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Scholars say it's time to declare a new epoch on the moon, the 'Lunar Anthropocene'

Human beings first disturbed moon dust on Sept. 13, 1959, when the USSR's unmanned spacecraft Luna 2 alighted on the lunar surface. In the following decades, more than a hundred other spacecraft have touched the moon—both crewed and uncrewed, sometimes landing and sometimes crash … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Atlantic Ocean near Bermuda is warmer and more acidic than ever, 40 years of observation show

Decade-long ocean warming that impacts ocean circulation, a decrease in oxygen levels that contributes to changes in salinification and nutrient supply, and ocean acidification are just some of the challenges the world's oceans are facing. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Examining factors that determine creaky voice use

Vocal fry has a bad reputation in American English. A subtype of creaky voice, a feature of speech that sounds gravelly and pulse-like, this manner of speech is sometimes used to form judgment about the speaker. In many languages, the creaky tone changes the meaning of words, as … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Three researchers show their suburban backyard is home to more than 1,000 species

A challenge among three housemates to identify species around their inner-Brisbane home has resulted in an academic research paper, showcasing the rich biodiversity in urban landscapes. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Day-extension blue light inhibits chrysanthemum flowering when far-red light is included: Study

Most ornamental crops can be classified as long-day, short-day, or day-neutral plants based on their flowering responses to the photoperiod (which is the day length), or the skotoperiod (which is the night length). Chrysanthemum is a common ornamental crop with an obligate short- … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Avian supergene study explores the evolutionary paradox behind the unusual mating strategies of the ruff

In the colorful world of avian courtship, the ruff (Calidris pugnax) is in a league of its own. Breeding in marshes and wet meadows across Eurasia, the males of this medium-sized sandpiper species are well-known for their distinctive mating strategies, which range from flamboyant … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Environmental engineers suggest that anaerobic digestion could be used to clean cattle manure, produce fuel

Chemicals—from antibiotics used to keep livestock healthy to pesticides that shield crops from insects and other pests—play an important role in modern agriculture. However, many of these substances accumulate in cow manure used as fertilizer, where they contaminate crops, leach … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Three proposals from researchers to meet EU climate goals

The EU countries have decided that the EU is to be climate neutral by 2050. By 2030, greenhouse gas emissions must have been reduced by at least 55% compared to 1990. To meet this target, continued vigorous efforts are needed to reduce emissions, but that alone will not be enough … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Team reviews phosphine ligand-induced structural transformation of metal nanoclusters

A team of researchers has reviewed a unique method for reforming the structures of ultra-small nanomaterials. These nanomaterials, called metal nanoclusters, bridge the gap between the metal atom and the bulk metal, making them highly useful in both basic and applied research. Me … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Researchers serve up an improved model of indoor pollution produced by cooking

Stir-frying yields more than just tasty dishes like Kung Pao chicken and Hunan beef. It also emits an invisible mixture of gases and particles that pollute indoor air and can be detrimental to human health. Correctly estimating such cooking emissions in a variety of settings is c … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

China scores a big win in race with US for influence on the moon

China notched a diplomatic victory in its race against the U.S. for influence in space, with Egypt agreeing to support Beijing's plan for a proposed project on the moon. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Study identifies behaviors that helped couples weather the pandemic

Many couples were unprepared for the impact COVID-19 could have on romantic relationships, but those who were able to adjust by creating new routines and adopting a positive attitude were more likely to weather the storm, according to a study by Rutgers researchers. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

New high school curriculum teaches color chemistry and AI simultaneously

North Carolina State University researchers have developed a weeklong high school curriculum that helps students quickly grasp concepts in both color chemistry and artificial intelligence—while sparking their curiosity about science and the world around them. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Molecular fossils study sheds light on feeding strategy shift in ancient life

Paleontologists are getting a glimpse at life over a billion years in the past based on chemical traces in ancient rocks and the genetics of living animals. Research published in Nature Communications combines geology and genetics, showing how changes in the early Earth prompted … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Sensor implant gathers information about the welfare of individual farmed salmon

Sick and injured farmed salmon are a problem, but researchers have recently developed an implant that uses sensors to gather information about the welfare of individual fish. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Q&A: Reducing the use of animal tissues for testing the safety of cosmetics

Imperial College London researchers speak to us about their work exploring animal-free methods for the future of testing cosmetics safety. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Elastane recycling: Stretching the lifespan of textiles

Clothing is far too valuable to simply dispose of and burn. Starting in 2025, used textiles are to be collected and recycled throughout the EU. Improved recycling processes are urgently needed to deal with the huge amount of textiles that will then be produced in an efficient and … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Climate tipping points are nearer than you think. Our new report warns of catastrophic risk

It's now almost inevitable that 2023 will be the warmest year ever recorded by humans, probably the warmest for at least 125,000 years. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

For its final trick, Chandrayaan-3 brings its propulsion module to Earth orbit

On August 23, ISRO's Vikram lander detached from its propulsion module and made a soft landing near the moon's south pole region. The lander then deployed its Pragyan rover, and for two weeks the endearing little solar-powered rover performed marvelously, detecting water ice and … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Famed Halley's comet passes aphelion this weekend

It's lonely out there in the frozen outer solar system. On Saturday, December 9th, that most famous of all comets 1P/Halley reaches a hallmark point on its 75-year journey through the solar system, reaching aphelion or its most distant point from the sun. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Dredging up New York City's glacial memory

On a cold night in November, a small group gathered at the boathouse of the Brooklyn-based Gowanus Dredgers to listen to Elizabeth Case, a glaciologist and Ph.D. student at Columbia Climate School's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, talk about how glaciers formed and defined the … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Ex-entrepreneurs can thrive in the right employee roles, finds new study

Once an entrepreneur always an entrepreneur? Not necessarily, says a new study by researchers at the University of Central Florida and Purdue University. Former entrepreneurs can transition from being their own boss into successful employees within an organization, especially in … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Understanding climate tipping points

As the planet warms, many parts of the Earth system are undergoing large-scale changes. Ice sheets are shrinking, sea levels are rising and coral reefs are dying off. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Psyche gamma-ray instrument hums to life, marking next generation for space exploration

Set 6.5 feet (2 meters) away from NASA's Psyche spacecraft on the tip of a boom, the mission's gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) hummed to life on Nov. 6 for the first time since launch in mid-October. The GRS is one half of the Gamma-Ray and Neutron Spectrometer (GRNS) instrument on … | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago

Methane emissions from Dutch canals underestimated, researcher finds

Researchers have so far underestimated methane emissions from canals in five major Dutch cities. That is the conclusion of microbiologist Koen Pelsma, who will defend his Ph.D. thesis on this topic at Radboud University on 13 December. | Continue reading


@phys.org | 1 year ago