How Does Shazam Work? Music Recognition Algorithms, Fingerprinting (2015)

The Shazam music recognition application made it finally possible to put a name to that song on the radio. But how does this magical miracle actually work?In this article, Toptal Freelance Software Engineer Jovan Jovanovic sheds light on the principles of audio signal processing, … | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 1 year ago

The Advantages of Hiring a Fractional CFO

Fractional CFOs are flexible finance professionals who work on a part-time basis. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 2 years ago

Front-End Frameworks: Solutions or Bloated Problems?

Dependency download and compilation before you can even view it? Hmm. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 2 years ago

The Importance of Written Communication for Engineering Teams

While good engineering managers can code, great ones can communicate. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 2 years ago

Writing an Interpreter from Scratch

Building an interpreter is an illuminating exercise. Find out how! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 2 years ago

F# Tutorial: How to Build a Full-Stack F# App (2019)

The first part of our F# tutorial series demonstrates how to get started with F# programming and create a simple app using nothing but F#. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 2 years ago

Breaking down my time as an engineering manager

Engineering managers tend to have a wide range of responsibilities. During the eight years, I spent as an engineering manager, I regularly tracked how I spent my time between technical, managerial, and administrative duties. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Guide to UX Research Methods

UX research provides invaluable insight into what people need and value. Not only will UX research reduce the risk of a wrong guess, but it’ll also uncover new opportunities for innovation. #ux #uxresearch #ProductDesign | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Billing Extraction: A Tale of GraphQL Internal API Optimization

This article introduces you to GraphQL API optimization and explains how it can be used to maximize performance and reduce server load drastically. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

How C++ Works: Understanding Compilation

How does the C++ compiler go from your neatly organized source code to a binary file that the machine understands? Find out in this article. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Adversarial Machine Learning: How to Attack and Defend ML Models

Machine learning has come a long way in recent years, and its accuracy has improved dramatically, leading to widespread use. This article examines how ML models can be attacked and fooled, and what you can do to safeguard them. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Exploring the Gestalt Principles of Design

Gestalt principles of visual perception are an important set of concepts for any designer to learn, and their implementation can not only greatly improve the aesthetics of a design but also its functionality and user-friendliness. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

A Note to Potential Investors

A note from Toptal CEO Taso Du Val to potential investors, published on February 23, 2016. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Python gotchas: 10 mistakes that are common

Test your Python knowledge by seeing how many of these 10 most common Python mistakes you've mastered. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Build Maintainable APIs with Go

The Goa library to the Go language lets API developers add true lifecycle management to their coding efforts. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Gitignore.io moved to toptal.com/developers/gitignore

Create useful .gitignore files for your project | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Best Practices for Node.js Error-Handling

Developers working with Node.js sometimes find themselves writing not-so-clean code while handling all sorts of errors. This article will introduce you to error-handling in Node.js and demonstrate some of the best techniques for the job. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Video Game Physics Tutorial – Part II: Collision Detection for Solid Objects

What happens when two rigid bodies intersect in your video game simulation? Nothing! Unless you have a working collision detection system.Toptal is pleased to have our very own Nilson Souto present this second installment of our three-part series on video game physics. Read on to … | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

The Suddenly Remote Playbook

A Playbook for Sustaining an Enterprise-grade Remote Work Environment | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 3 years ago

Hello, World? – A Node.js Back-End/Express/Pug Tutorial – Toptal

Turn your phone into a Netflix (etc.) remote and learn Node.js too. Win-win! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

The Suddenly Remote Playbook

A Playbook for Sustaining an Enterprise-grade Remote Work Environment | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Toptal's Playbook for Working Remotely

A Playbook for Sustaining an Enterprise-grade Remote Work Environment | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

On Exception Handling and Clean Code

Although exception handling is a fundamental part of modern programming, exceptions are often viewed in a negative light. Rather than fearing exceptions, we should embrace them and learn how to use them to make our code even better.In this article, Toptal engineer Ahmed Abdel Raz … | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Angular 9 and Angular Ivy: A Code-Complete Tutorial – Toptal

Angular 9 is remarkably backward compatible, yet forward-looking—and fast. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Monotonic AI Models: Sound Logic for Machine Learning – Toptal

Unsure of AI's reliability for mission-critical tasks? Use monotonic ML models! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Stars Realigned: Improving the IMDB Rating System

A new IMDb ranking based on the features that make a movie really unique! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Hibernate Almost Ruined My Career

Are you building the next big thing? Planning to become the next Facebook or Google? Are you at the point of making fundamental decisions that will stay with you for the entire project? There is a good chance that you will pick a robust language like Java. If so, you want to pick … | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

The Need for Speed: A Toptal JavaScript Coding Challenge Retrospective

Behind the scenes of a JS contest: How top rivals won and what we learned! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Timestamp Truncation: A Ruby on Rails ActiveRecord Tale

Surprise! A Rails test involving timestamps was failing inconsistently. Why? | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Stale-While-Revalidate Data Fetching with React Hooks: A Guide

Custom React Hooks make stale-while-refresh logic fully reusable! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Language Server Protocol Tutorial: From VSCode to Vim

Make that text editor into a real IDE using LSP, no coupling required! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Keep It Encrypted, Keep It Safe: Working with ESNI, DoH, and DoT

DNS over HTTPS, DNS over TLS, and ESNI: Discover the latest in privacy tech | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Haxe Review: Haxe 4 Features and Strengths

What does Haxe 4 bring to web platforms, gamedev, and the enterprise? | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Recreate a Bloomberg Terminal for Free

How to recreate a free Bloomberg terminal. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Maintain Control: A Guide to Webpack and React, Pt. 1

Escape Create React App's orbit with this Webpack customization tutorial! | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Performance and Efficiency: Working with HTTP/3

HTTP/3 and HTTP/2 are quite different. Are you ready for the change? | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

The Strengths and Benefits of Micro Front Ends

Implement your own micro-frontend framework with this code-included tutorial. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Machines and Trust: How to Mitigate AI Bias

How can AI engineers avoid perpetuating biases in their ML models? Find out here. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Working with ESP32 Audio Sampling

Want to sample audio on the ESP32? Leverage its ADC with this tutorial. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

The Electric Airplane Industry

Electric Airplane Market Deep Dive | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Essential Embedded Software Engineering Interview Questions

Know what to ask. Know how to answer. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Learn what CSS developers do exactly

This article explains why the role of CSS developers is often overlooked or taken for granted and points out how this practice can degrade the user experience and undermine your product. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Thorough Overview of Video Game Physics by Nilson Souto

Today's video games offer an incredibly realistic, immersive experience, due in large part to their true-to-life simulations of physical phenomena. By far the most commonly simulated effects are those of Rigid Body Dynamics.Toptal is pleased to have our very own Nilson Souto pres … | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Receiving Images from the ISS and Listening to Hams with an RTL-SDR

With $30 of equipment, we capture images from the International Space Station and listen to hams talking on the local repeater. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

The Dart Language: When Java and C# Aren't Sharp Enough

Already know Java or C#? Upgrade to Dart with this handy guide. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

One-Click Login with Blockchain: A MetaMask Tutorial

Online users are becoming increasingly resistant to traditional email/password registration processes. One-click social logins via Facebook, Google, or GitHub are better, but they come with data privacy trade-offs. Discover another way—just as convenient for the user and the deve … | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

UX Myths – Prototyping, User Testing, and UX Deliverables

There are many UX myths when it comes to prototyping, user testing, and UX deliverables. Designers must continually prove the value of these processes, and communicate them skillfully to various stakeholders. Knowing how to address these common misconceptions is vital. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago

Elk to AWS: Managing Logs with Less Hassle

This article explains how to shift from the ELK stack to a serverless solution that requires less maintenance and allows for superior scaling. | Continue reading


@toptal.com | 4 years ago